怎么判断一个网站在全球哪些地区架设了服务器？

Question

比如我想知道 www.xiaohongshu.com 小红书在境外是不是有服务器架设

我想到了使用 nexttrace 命令

我在 aliyun 的机器上使用 sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com 结果如下：

╭─macbook  ‹dev› 
╰─➤  sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
Password:
NextTrace 1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:44:24Z brew
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 8.219.136.89 - 211.04ms - Misaka.HKG
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 81.69.116.87
1. 81.69.116.102
2. 81.69.116.86
3. 2402:4e00:1410::9890:edfe:f13a
Your Option: 0
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 81.69.116.87 (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
1   192.168.26.1    *                         RFC1918          
                                              1.99 ms / 2.72 ms / 2.25 ms
2   101.70.124.1    AS4837   [UNICOM-ZJ]      中国 浙江 杭州 余杭 chinaunicom.cn  联通
                                              2.63 ms / 4.49 ms / 3.43 ms
3   *
4   *
5   *
6   *
7   220.196.197.166 AS140979 [UNICOM]         中国 上海 上海  chinaunicom.cn 
                                              11.64 ms / 13.23 ms / 12.18 ms
8   *
9   81.69.116.87    AS45090                   中国 上海市   腾讯云   
                                              8.57 ms / 9.16 ms / 8.52 ms
MapTrace URL: https://assets.nxtrace.org/tracemap/427bc703-2d51-5e6f-b678-0d69007942db.html
╭─macbook  ‹dev› 
╰─➤  sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
NextTrace 1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:44:24Z brew
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 8.219.136.89 - 216.71ms - Misaka.HKG
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 81.69.116.87
1. 81.69.116.102
2. 81.69.116.86
3. 2402:4e00:1410::9890:edfe:f13a
Your Option: 1
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 81.69.116.102 (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
1   192.168.26.1    *                         RFC1918          
                                              2.13 ms / 2.28 ms / 3.00 ms
2   101.70.124.1    AS4837   [UNICOM-ZJ]      中国 浙江 杭州 余杭 chinaunicom.cn  联通
                                              3.81 ms / 4.89 ms / 3.37 ms
3   124.90.33.1     AS4837                    中国 浙江 杭州  chinaunicom.cn  联通
                                              * ms / * ms / 6.00 ms
4   *
5   *
6   *
7   220.196.197.174 AS140979 [UNICOM]         中国 上海 上海  chinaunicom.cn 
                                              13.06 ms / 11.83 ms / 12.69 ms
8   *
9   81.69.116.102   AS45090                   中国 上海 上海  Tencent-CN 
                                              11.87 ms / 12.78 ms / 12.62 ms
MapTrace URL: https://assets.nxtrace.org/tracemap/73b051a7-15bf-580e-a7de-37cc2e6ad541.html
╭─macbook  ‹dev› 
╰─➤  sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
NextTrace 1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:44:24Z brew
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 8.219.136.89 - 232.63ms - Misaka.HKG
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 81.69.116.87
1. 81.69.116.102
2. 81.69.116.86
3. 2402:4e00:1410::9890:edfe:f13a
Your Option: 2
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 81.69.116.86 (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
1   192.168.26.1    *                         RFC1918          
                                              7.54 ms / 1.48 ms / 2.42 ms
2   101.70.124.1    AS4837   [UNICOM-ZJ]      中国 浙江 杭州 余杭 chinaunicom.cn  联通
                                              3.50 ms / 2.90 ms / 4.01 ms
3   101.69.245.97   AS4837   [UNICOM-ZJ]      中国 浙江 杭州  chinaunicom.cn  联通
                                              * ms / * ms / 5.11 ms
4   123.157.220.81  AS4837   [UNICOM-ZJ]      中国 浙江省 杭州市  chinaunicom.cn  联通
                                              * ms / * ms / 107.00 ms
5   *
6   *
7   220.196.197.174 AS140979 [UNICOM]         中国 上海 上海  chinaunicom.cn 
                                              10.01 ms / 10.12 ms / 17.96 ms
8   *
9   81.69.116.86    AS45090                   中国 上海 上海  Tencent-CN 
                                              8.21 ms / 8.44 ms / 9.46 ms
MapTrace URL: https://assets.nxtrace.org/tracemap/23a86b18-34a2-54b4-a201-2fcd9c1fa648.html
╭─macbook  ‹dev› 
╰─➤  sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
NextTrace 1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:44:24Z brew
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 8.219.136.89 - 214.76ms - Misaka.HKG
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 81.69.116.87
1. 81.69.116.102
2. 81.69.116.86
3. 2402:4e00:1410::9890:edfe:f13a
Your Option: 3
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 2402:4e00:1410::9890:edfe:f13a (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
2025/09/16 18:50:56 write udp6 [::]:0->2402:4e00:1410::9890:edfe:f13a: sendto: no route to host
╭─macbook  ‹dev› 
╰─➤                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             1 ↵

发现都是上海腾讯云的机器

---

但是我用 aws 的机器执行 sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com 命令，发现有美国 弗吉尼亚州 的 IP

admin@ip-172-31-9-135:~$ sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
NextTrace v1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:51:39Z cefed2a
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 203.10.96.163 - 347.69ms - 🐠 (Relay) → Misaka.LAX
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 43.175.164.195
1. 43.175.164.211
2. 240d:c010:cc:2::4a
Your Option: 0
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 43.175.164.195 (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
1   100.91.177.253  *                         RFC6598
                                              10.66 ms / 11.30 ms / 10.33 ms
2   100.100.6.43    *                         RFC6598
                                              10.63 ms / 10.54 ms / 11.07 ms
3   100.100.85.70   *                         RFC6598
                                              10.88 ms / 10.61 ms / 10.59 ms
4   100.100.85.69   *                         RFC6598
                                              10.76 ms / 10.56 ms / 10.77 ms
5   100.100.4.26    *                         RFC6598
                                              10.74 ms / 14.64 ms / 10.12 ms
6   206.126.237.144 AS139341 [EQUINIX-IX]     美国 弗吉尼亚州 阿什本 Equinix Ashburn - ACE CDN - 100Gbps peering.qq.com
    139341-dc12-ix.equinix.com                11.01 ms / 26.55 ms / 27.89 ms
7   30.1.149.222    *                         DOD
                                              10.58 ms / 10.56 ms / 10.45 ms
8   30.38.37.225    *                         DOD
                                              10.23 ms / 10.50 ms / 10.15 ms
9   *
10  43.175.164.195  AS139341                  美国 弗吉尼亚州 阿什本  peering.qq.com
                                              9.99 ms / 10.16 ms / 10.65 ms
MapTrace URL: https://assets.nxtrace.org/tracemap/bcc30a03-37f2-52d7-817c-80161cd5fa35.html
admin@ip-172-31-9-135:~$ sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
NextTrace v1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:51:39Z cefed2a
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 203.10.96.163 - 175.86ms - 🐠 (Relay) → Misaka.LAX
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 43.175.164.211
1. 43.175.164.195
2. 240d:c010:cc:2::4a
Your Option: 1
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 43.175.164.195 (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
1   100.106.85.9    *                         RFC6598
                                              10.76 ms / 11.29 ms / 11.04 ms
2   100.100.38.79   *                         RFC6598
                                              49.62 ms / 70.34 ms / 79.62 ms
3   100.100.93.102  *                         RFC6598
                                              51.13 ms / 14.61 ms / 65.17 ms
4   100.100.93.69   *                         RFC6598
                                              10.22 ms / 10.29 ms / 10.65 ms
5   100.100.4.30    *                         RFC6598
                                              10.81 ms / 10.67 ms / 10.66 ms
6   206.126.237.144 AS139341 [EQUINIX-IX]     美国 弗吉尼亚州 阿什本 Equinix Ashburn - ACE CDN - 100Gbps peering.qq.com
    139341-dc12-ix.equinix.com                10.11 ms / 10.60 ms / 10.88 ms
7   30.1.149.222    *                         DOD
                                              60.57 ms / 60.25 ms / * ms
8   30.38.37.225    *                         DOD
                                              10.09 ms / 10.36 ms / 10.17 ms
9   *
10  43.175.164.195  AS139341                  美国 弗吉尼亚州 阿什本  peering.qq.com
                                              9.96 ms / 9.96 ms / 9.94 ms
MapTrace URL: https://assets.nxtrace.org/tracemap/bb8cb232-6ae8-5740-8052-d1cbe4926d5d.html
admin@ip-172-31-9-135:~$ sudo nexttrace www.xiaohongshu.com
NextTrace v1.4.2 2025-07-26T12:51:39Z cefed2a
[NextTrace API] preferred API IP - 203.10.96.163 - 181.39ms - 🐠 (Relay) → Misaka.LAX
Please Choose the IP You Want To TraceRoute
0. 43.175.164.195
1. 43.175.164.211
2. 240d:c010:cc:2::4a
Your Option: 2
IP Geo Data Provider: LeoMoeAPI
traceroute to 240d:c010:cc:2::4a (www.xiaohongshu.com), 30 hops max, 52 bytes payload, ICMP mode
2025/09/16 11:19:39 write ip6 ::->240d:c010:cc:2::4a: sendto: network is unreachable

这样是不是可以推断小红书在中国上海和美国都有服务器部署？

Answer 1

不一定两个地方都部署了服务器，可能只是恰好用了CDN。常规方法判断不出来真实的服务器位置，普通用户只能通过域名解析出来的IP知道最近的接入点在哪里，不是服务部署的位置。

Answer 2

直接nslookup也能看到多个IP地址吧，推测是多机房架设了服务器。

Answer 3